個人如何享受稅收協定優惠？

稅收協定不僅可以幫助個人有效消除跨境雙重征稅，還有可能提供比國內法更優惠的稅收待遇。今天，小編就跟大家分享一些個人可享受的稅收協定優惠，請各位納稅人查收！

Not only can tax treaties effectively eliminate double taxation for individuals, they can provide more preferential tax treatment than domestic law. Today, I would like to share with you some of the tax treaty benefits that individuals can enjoy, please check it out!

一、什么是稅收協定

What is a tax treaty?

稅收協定是具有稅收管轄權的國家或地區之間締結的條約，目的是避免雙重征稅和防止偷漏稅。稅收協定主要涉及我國的企業所得稅和個人所得稅兩個稅種。

A tax treaty is an agreement signed by two countries or regions with tax jurisdiction to avoid double taxation and prevent tax evasion. Tax treaties mainly involve corporate income tax and individual income tax.

截至2019年12月31日, 我國已生效103個稅收協定和安排。稅收協定可以幫助跨境納稅人免稅、減稅、解決跨境稅收爭議，是跨境經營的稅收護身符。

China has brought 103?tax?treaties?and agreements into effect?by?December 31 2019.?Tax treaties can help cross border taxpayers enjoy preferential treatment of tax reduction or exemption and settle cross border tax disputes, that’s why they are called “talismans” for taxpayers engaging in cross border operations.

二、個人可以享受哪些稅收協定優惠？

What tax treaty benefits can individuals enjoy?

無論是居民個人取得來源于境外的所得，還是非居民個人取得來源于我國境內的所得，只要符合稅收協定規定的條件，就可以享受相應的優惠待遇。常見的主要有以下幾種：

Whether a resident individual obtains income derived from abroad, or a non-resident individual obtains income derived from China, as long as the conditions stipulated in the tax treaty are met, corresponding preferential treatments can be enjoyed. Here are some common ones:
1.受雇所得免稅

Tax exemption on income from employment

個人取得來源于境外的工資薪金所得，符合條件的可享受境外個人所得稅免稅待遇。

Wages and salaries paid by overseas employers that meet the conditions of the tax treaty are eligible for individual income tax exemption.

如，德國公司委派其員工Hans先生來中國提供設備安裝調試服務，為期100天，德國公司未構成我國境內常設機構。Hans先生為德國稅收居民，工資由德國公司承擔并支付。根據我國稅法，Hans先生在中國有納稅義務，但按中德稅收協定，則其在中國工作不滿183天，取得的報酬在中國免于納稅。

For example, a German company appoints its employee Mr. Hans to provide equipment installation and commissioning services in China for a period of 100 days. The German company has no permanent establishment in China. Mr. Hans is a German tax resident and his salary is borne and paid by the German company. Mr. Hans has a tax liability in China under Chinese domestic tax law, while according to the Sino-German tax treaty, the payment obtained from the German company during his work in China for less than 183 days is exempt from tax in China.

反之，我國稅收居民個人外派在德國開展工作，符合條件的也可享受德國個人所得稅免稅待遇。

On the other hand, Chinese tax residents who are dispatched to work in Germany can also enjoy individual income tax exemption in Germany under the conditions of the tax treaty.
2.教師與研究人員的教學或研究活動報酬免稅

Tax exemption for certain teaching and research activities of teachers and researchers

教師或研究人員取得的來源于境外的教學或研究活動的報酬，符合條件的可享受境外個人所得稅免稅待遇。

The remuneration obtained by teachers or researchers from teaching or research activities abroad can enjoy tax exemption for overseas individual income tax if eligible.

如，中國某大學聘請美國教授Smith先生全職在境內任教，并且支付其工資薪金，合同期自2019年1月1日至2021年12月31日，Smith先生是美國稅收居民，并未來過中國，合同結束后將返回美國。按照我國稅法，Smith教授取得了來源于中國的工資薪金所得，在中國具有納稅義務，但按中美稅收協定，其為教學目的入境的第一天起三年內因教學而取得的報酬，在中國免于納稅。

For example, a university in China hires Mr. Smith, an American professor to teach full-time in China, and pays his salary. The contract period is from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021.Mr. Smith is a U.S. tax resident. He has never been in China before and will return to the United States upon the termination of the contract. Professor Smith has obtained wages and salaries derived from China, and he has tax liability in China as per the law. However, the remuneration obtained for teaching within 3 years from his first day in China is exempt from tax in China in accordance with the Sino-U.S. tax treaty.

反之，我國教授受美國大學聘請在美開展教學或研究活動，符合條件的也可享受美國個人所得稅免稅待遇。

Likewise, Chinese professors hired by American universities to conduct teaching or research activities in the United States can enjoy individual income tax exemption in America as well.
3.財產收益免稅

Tax exemption on capital gains

個人取得來源于境外的財產（包括股權、不動產等）轉讓收益，符合條件的可享受境外個人所得稅免稅待遇。

Individuals that obtain capital gains by the transfer of property (including equity, real estate, etc.) from overseas are exempt from overseas individual income tax if eligible.

如，日本稅收居民田中先生持有內地某公司20%的股權，該公司并不持有中國的不動產。田中先生將公司股權出售，按我國稅法，應當對其股權轉讓收入減除股權原值和合理費用后的所得按20%稅率納稅，但按中日稅收協定，該筆所得在中國免于納稅。

For example, Mr. Tanaka, a Japanese tax resident, holds a 20% stake in a Chinese company with no immovable property in China. If Mr. Tanaka sells the company's equity, his income from the transfer after deducting the original value of the equity and reasonable expenses shall be taxed at a rate of 20% as required by China’s tax law, but it is exempt from tax in China subject to the China-Japan tax treaty.

反之，我國居民個人轉讓日本公司股權，符合條件的也可在日本享受個人所得稅免稅待遇。

On the other hand, if Chinese resident individuals sell Japanese companies’ equity, those who qualify can also enjoy individual income tax exemption in Japan.
4.股息、利息、特許權使用費減稅

Tax reduction on dividends, interest and royalties

個人取得來源于境外的股息、利息、特許權使用費所得，符合條件的可享受境外個人所得稅減稅待遇。

Individuals who obtain dividends, interest, and royalties from overseas can enjoy tax deductions for overseas individual income tax if eligible.

如，英國稅收居民Brown先生將一項專利權許可中國某企業在境內使用，一次收到特許權使用費12萬人民幣（不含增值稅），按我國稅法應繳納個人所得稅120000*（1-20%）*45%-15160=28040元，實際稅負超過20%，但按中英稅收協定，該筆特許權使用費在中國征收的稅款不應超過特許權使用費總額的10%，將大幅減免在中國的稅收。

For example, Mr. Brown, a British tax resident, licenses a patent to a Chinese company for its use and receives royalties of ￥120,000 （VAT not included）. On the basis of China's tax law, individual income tax should be ￥28040(120000*(1-20%)*45%-15160), whose effective tax rate would be more than 20%. However, based on the Sino-British tax treaty, the tax shall not exceed 10% of the gross amount of the royalties.

反之，我國稅收居民個人將著作的版權、專利等授權英國企業使用，取得來自英國的特許權使用費，符合協定條件的，在英國僅需繳納不超過特許權使用費總額的10%的個人所得稅。

Similarly, if Chinese tax resident individuals obtain royalties from the United Kingdom for authorizing copyrights, patents and so on, those who meet the conditions of the tax treaty only need to pay individual income tax no more than 10% of the total royalties in the United Kingdom.

三、個人享受稅收協定優惠需要哪些手續？

What procedures are required for individuals to enjoy the benefits of tax treaties?

對于我國居民個人而言，可向主管所得稅的縣級稅務機關申請開具《中國稅收居民身份證明》，并按對方國家（地區）的要求辦理稅收協定申請。開具此證明需要提交的資料和流程，請您參閱稅務總局2016年40號公告、2019年17號公告。

As to Chinese residents, they can apply to the county-level tax authorities in charge of income tax to issue a "Certificate of Chinese Fiscal Resident", and apply for tax preferential treatment of the tax agreement according to the requirements of the host country or region. For the materials and procedures required to issue this certificate, please refer to the Announcement No. 40 of 2016 and Announcement No. 17 of 2019of the State Taxation Administration of China.

對于非居民個人而言，擬享受協定待遇的，首先應填寫《非居民納稅人享受協定待遇信息報告表》，并主動提交給扣繳義務人；其次，自行留存相關資料備查，主要包括：對方稅務主管當局開具的稅收居民身份證明，相關合同、協議等權屬證明。具體要求請您參閱稅務總局2019年35號公告。

For non-residents, if they intend to enjoy the treaty benefits, they should first fill in the "Information Reporting Form for Non-resident Taxpayers Claiming Treaty Benefits" and submit it to the withholding agent. Second, relevant information should be kept for future reference, which mainly includes: 

a. Certificate of tax resident status issued by the tax authority of the host.

b. Proof of ownership such as contracts or agreements. 

For specific requirements, please refer to Announcement No. 35 of 2019 issued by the State Taxation Administration of China.